| Cardio Pulse Wave (CPW) uses the BPro device | | | | Invasive method |
| and A-PULSE CASP software. This is the | | | | This is direct measurement and has been |
| state-of-the-art equipment, technology and | | | | considered as the most accurate method. To |
| software. Now learn what the measurements | | | | perform the measurement, a catheter must be |
| mean. This is somewhat technical so bear with | | | | inserted into the aortic root from brachial or |
| me. | | | | femoral artery, which is obviously an invasive |
| A-PULSE CASP is a revolutionary product | | | | method and could result in complications. This |
| patented by HealthSTATS International Pte Ltd. It | | | | invasive method of measuring CASP is not |
| is able to measure accurately the Central Aortic | | | | available in clinical setting. However, A-PULSE |
| Systolic Pressure (CASP), which is the blood | | | | CASP can be used in clinic and the accuracy has |
| pressure at the root of the aorta. It is the only | | | | been validated against this invasive method, the |
| device which can be used in common clinical | | | | result is R= 0.9917 (co-relation). (What this means, |
| setting. CASP has been shown in many recent | | | | for those of you who are like me and don't quite |
| studies as an important determinant for strokes | | | | get the point, is the CPW is 99.17% as accurate |
| and CVS events. It has been validated via | | | | as the cathater method!) |
| invasive study and achieved an accuracy | | | | Non-invasive method |
| (co-relation) R= 0.9917 independently. A-PULSE | | | | HealthSTATS (HS) invented a device named BPro |
| CASP is FDA and CE MDD registration approved. | | | | which is able to capture radial pressure |
| It is also being used in large drug trials by | | | | waveforms. Furthermore, HS developed a |
| Pharmaceutical companies. | | | | proprietary formula to derive central aortic |
| What is arterial pulse waveform? | | | | systolic pressure (CASP) from the calibrated radial |
| When the left ventricle ejects blood into the aorta | | | | pressure waveform. |
| in systole, the perturbation generates a wave | | | | What is augmentation index? |
| that initially travels through the arteries from the | | | | The difference between the second and first |
| heart towards the arterial tree. | | | | systolic peaks expressed as a percentage of the |
| Pulse waveform has 2 components. 1) Forward | | | | pulse pressure. |
| travelling wave when the left ventricle contracts | | | | What is the arterial compliance? |
| and 2) Reflected wave returning back from the | | | | The ability of an artery to increase the volume in |
| peripheral. | | | | response to a given increase in blood pressure is |
| What is CASP (Central Aortic Systolic Pressure)? | | | | called compliance. |
| This is the blood pressure at the root of the | | | | What is pulse wave velocity? |
| aorta or the largest artery in the body, as the | | | | PWV is the speed at which the pressure |
| blood is being pumped out of the heart. This | | | | waveform travels (wave propagation) along the |
| pressure is called Central Aortic Systolic Pressure | | | | aorta and large arteries, during each cardiac cycle. |
| or CASP. CASP has been shown to be an | | | | What is applanation tonometry? |
| important factor in the relation to strokes and | | | | The principle of applanation tonometry is that the |
| cardiovascular events, more so than the brachial | | | | force acting on the plunger is proportional to the |
| pressure, or the pressure at the arm commonly. | | | | pressure in the artery when where the artery |
| How to measure CASP? | | | | surface is flattened. |