Sun Damage and Its Treatment, Part I - Retinoids

When is comes to skin care, the majority of myproducts. A cosmeceutical is a product that does
patients are interested in anti-aging products whenmore than adorn or beautify; it actually has a
they ask, "What should I use on my skin?"biologic effect on the skin, due to the inclusion of
Have you ever looked in the mirror and seenany number of active ingredients.)
some lines that weren't there before? If you'reThe term retinoid refers to a chemical in the
over 40, especially if you're pale like me, youvitamin A family. This includes the prescription
probably have. Not a good feeling. I'll digress aproducts Retin-A®, Renova®,
minute here to recount a visit I had with a veryAvage®, and Tazorac®, and
sweet lady a few years ago. She came to seenonprescription retinol, retinoic acid, and
me in the office and was quite upset about all theretinaldehyde. This is the best studied class of
wrinkles that had suddenly appeared on her faceantiaging products and has the most supporting
two months previously. She was 82 and had deepscientific evidence for efficacy. When it comes to
lines on her forehead and cheeks; the result oftreatment of sun damage (dullness, rough
years in the Texas sun, time spent on the lake,texture, fine lines and brown spots,) I routinely
etc.recommend a prescription retinoid, such as
In other words, a full life. But she insisted that theRenova® or Retin-A®. Retinoids work at
wrinkles hadn't been there until two months earlier!the cellular level to regulate proper growth and
She wanted something done! I stalled for time,turnover of cells, decrease inflammation, enhance
puzzled. We discussed what was going on in herimmunity, inhibit tumor formation, and inhibit
life, what her grandkids were doing, etc. Later incollagen breakdown. Retinoid therapy results in
the conversation, she mentioned that hersmoother skin, enhanced light reflection (skin that
daughter had taken care of her when she had her"glows",) diminishment of fine lines, and decreased
cataracts removed...two months before. Ah,pigmentation.
mystery solved. One of the downsides to betterPrescription retinoids can cause irritation and
vision, I guess. I ended up reassuring her that sheredness in some people. This can sometimes be
was beautiful and gave her a prescription fordealt with by decreasing application frequency, or
Renova® (and a referral to a plastic surgeon;mixing with a moisturizer. If these measures fail,
there is only so much I can do!)then nonprescription retinol, which is weaker, is a
Was Renova® going to erase 60 years ofgood second choice. There are many good over
sun damage and make the wrinkles disappear?the counter retinol products, such as Neutrogena
No, but it couldn't hurt. In fact, retinoids such asHealthy Skin Anti-Wrinkle Cream or RoC
Renova® and RetinA® are the "goldMulticorrexion Intensive Night Cream. These
standard" when it comes to topical anti-agingproducts are usually used at night. Because they
cosmeceuticals. (A bit of explanation is in order:decrease the thickness of the stratum corneum
the term "cosmeceutical" refers to a class of(the dead skin cell layer), retinoids do make the
products that lie in the gray zone between drugsskin more sensitive to the sun; thus, daily
and cosmetics. Some cosmeceuticals are availablesunscreen use is a must!
by prescription, but most are over-the-counter